New techniques have been proposed, or existing ones have been adapted. We propose the ymodel for cots based software product line development. Realizing that cots based development represents a significant shift in the way the fdd does business, the sel decided to update its guidelines on recommended practice and processes 11. A vast majority of the jobs they have to do can be satisfied with readily available commercial off the shelf cots software, or its more modern successor, software as a service saas. Fifteen projects using a cotsbased approach were studied and their actual process was documented.
They provide guidelines, an associated framework, and a set of processes to support cotsbased application development. Investigating and improving a cots based software development process abstract. Port, and barry boehm describe a set of valuebased processes to minimize the risks of integrating cots components into an application. Developing new processes for cotsbased systems, ieee software julyaugust 2000, pp. Keywords commercial offtheshelf, cots, componentbased, empirical study, software development process. Both the processes are independent of each other with respect to timeframe and organizational homes. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development.
Commercialofftheshelf cots hardware and software for train. The work described in the paper is an investigation of cots based software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used. Using commercialofftheshelf packages cots walekgetho. Axel anders kvale, jingyue li, reidar conradi, a case study on building cotsbased system using aspectoriented programming, proceedings of the 2005 acm symposium on applied computing,march 2005. Quality and risk concerns currently limit the application of cotsbased system design to noncritical applications. The main differences, and the activities for which projects require more guidance, are requirements definition and. This paper describes an exploratory study of stateofthepractice of cots. Development activities for a cots based software system 1. Introduction software development is an organized thrives to deliver products in faster, better and cheaper ways. There is a tremendous growth of the use of the component based software engineering cbse approach for the development of software systems. The central part is dedicated to survey methods and techniques that can be useful in cotsbased development. I am often involved in tenders for new pieces of software development work.
Request pdf investigating and improving a cotsbased software development the work described in this paper is an investigation of cots based software development within a particular nasa. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process article pdf available in proceedings international conference on software engineering july 2000 with 381 reads. The main factor of using components is of easier development, less time and low cost in comparison of complete application. In particular, the use of commercial offtheshelf cots products as elements of larger systems is becoming increasingly commonplace, due to shrinking budgets, accelerating rates of cots enhancement, and expanding system requirements, according to the software engineering institute sei description, see. Valuebased processes for cotsbased applications, ye yang, jesal bhita, daniel n. Improving a cotsbased software development process proc. Request pdf investigating and improving a cots based software development the work described in this paper is an investigation of cots based software development within a particular nasa. Finally a process to support cotsbased development is proposed, and emerging standards and techniques for component integration are discussed. Using software process modeling to analyze the cots based.
Using business scenarios to surface requirements for cots. The background fundamentals for that evaluation process, as well as steps and techniques to follow, are described in this report. Starting from these empirical observations, a new process and set of guidelines for cots based development are developed and briefly presented. A cotsaware requirements engineering and software architecture approach, proc.
Cots commercial off the shelf lifecyle model methodology. Integrating cots into the development process building and evolving software systems is an arduous, costly,lengthy, and complex task. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process abstract. Cots stands for component off the shelf software development. Basem suleiman2008 commercialofftheshelf software development framework. Second process is the component based software development process and it is related to the development of a software application using already existing reusable software components. Cotsbased software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used.
This trend has gradually evolved into cots based software development. Cooper, matching, ranking, and selecting components. The pressure of reducing time for development and demand for. Empirical analysis of cots activity effort sequences.
Pdf an empirical study of variations in cotsbased software. Each project will vary considerably in the particular amount of effort expended on cots assessment, cots tailoring, and cots gluecode development. Most organizations do not develop 100 percent of the software that they use, nor should they. Ranking and selection of commercial offtheshelf using fuzzy. More and more software projects use commercialofftheshelf cots components. But a fundamental question must be clarified before. Using purpose based alignment can help you determine the right path.
An overview of challenges of component based software. With the rise of more and more organisations moving towards using software as a service saas and commercial off the shelf cots solutions for their product problems there is a gap in understanding about what agile can offer in this space. Introduction the world of software development has evolved rapidlyinthelastdecade. Pdf investigating and improving a cotsbased software. Cotsbased software application and its development life cycle. So to reduce the complexities of existing system a new strategy developed in software engineering, a component based approach. Our goal is to explore empirically a key topic for the software industry, collect facts. Cotsbased software product line development 165 received 25 december 2007 revised 15 february 2008 accepted 25 march 2008 international journal of web information systems vol. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process morisio, seaman, parra, basili, kraft, condon icse 2000 history 15 projects at nasagsfc guided by software engineering laboratory sel.
Cots based development impacts several issues in software development. Oct 14, 2009 another challenge with many cots implementations is the significant upfront capital investment in hardware and software if an onpremise solution is procured and implemented. Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on software engineering usa. The real costs of developing cots software arlene f. Designmethodologyapproach a disciplined process for software product line development is still needed. Intl workshop on models and processes for the evaluation of cots components mpec04, may 25, 2004, edinburgh, scotland. Sel developed a process for cots based development for fdd. Developing new processes for cots based systems, ieee software julyaugust 2000, pp. Nov 30, 2001 investigating and improving a cotsbased software development, proceedings of the 22nd international conference on software engineering. The first new rule of engagement for cotsbased systems is that the development of a cus tom system is essentially an act of creation, whereas the development of a cotsbased sys tem is ultimately an act of composition and reconciliation. According to the quality improvement paradigm 1, the.
School of computer science and engineering, university of new south wales, australia. Taking a cotsbased approach to implementing enterprise gis. Empirical data has revealed that cots based application cba development lifecycles are unique and differ from traditional software development processes. The world of software development has evolved rapidly in the last decade. Candidate process models for component based software. Software engineering metrics for cots based systems. Cots based software product line development 165 received 25 december 2007 revised 15 february 2008 accepted 25 march 2008 international journal of web information systems vol. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development, proceedings of the 22nd international conference on software engineering. Combining agile and human centered design approaches for. Developing effective hardware and software cots security. Investigating and improving a cots based software development process. To secure the best discount on licenses, procurement departments may prefer to do a bulk purchase even though this does imply significant up front cash outflows.
The work described in this paper is an investigation of cots based software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used. The new process is currently under experimentation. Software development is increasingly moving away from processes to. Cots software development public sector solutions group. This process is evaluated to identify essential differences in comparison to traditional software development. This paper focuses on cotsbased development including the production of cots components as well as the development of systems made of cots components. Human resources hr, retail point of sale, case management, finance etc. Most believe that agile firmly just sits with the actual development of the product. Starting from these empirical observations, a new process and set of guidelines for cotsbased development are developed and briefly presented. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process.
The pressure of reducing time for development and demand for low cost. Software engineering metrics for cotsbased systems t he paradigm shift to commercial offtheshelfcomponents appears inevitable, necessitating drastic changes to current software development and business practices. This approach of component based development is called cbd, also known as component based software engineering cbse. In the 1980s and 90s, the fdd achieved effective software reuse levels as high as 90 percent.
Candidate process models for component based software development. Applying agile principles to cots implementations easy in. Cots based software development and integration csiac. S investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process. Having a large software system that required an appropriate architecture design that can fulfill the requirements of such software is hard enough to accomplish, and becomes problematic in many cases. Process patterns for cotsbased development springerlink. Using commercial offtheshelf cots software products in large systems provides many bene fits, including the potential of rapid delivery to end users, shared development costs with other customers, and the opportunity to expand capacity and performance as improvements are made. Cots based software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used. Dec 17, 2014 what is cots commercial off the shelf cots or commercial off the shelf software, also known as package software refers to a software application that is specifically designed to meet the needs of particular business type e. Overlooked facts on cotsbased development citeseerx. Keywords commercial offtheshelf, cots, component based, empirical study, software development process. Using commercialofftheshelfpackagescots introduction basem suleiman,2008 studied that the important elements for choosing commercialoffthe shelf cots software by development establishments is sorely based on budget and schedule. The work described in this paper is an investigation of cotsbased software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used. Construction of software from start is a very complicated process that needs great multidimensional managing talents.
Investigating and improving a cots based software development process, proceedings of the 22nd international conference on software engineering icse 2000, limerick, ireland, june 2000. Following this methodology throughout the software development life cycle will ensure that significant activities are not being ignored and will increase the chances of planning, executing, and deploying a successful cotsbased software solution. Then it lists and discusses pros, cons and issues in cotsbased development. These products enable users to begin development on standard cots hardware and software and then move to a secure 100 percent software and performancecompatible version of the product when they are ready to implement their programprotection requirements. An empirical study of variations in cotsbased software. What is cots commercial off the shelf cots or commercial off the shelf software, also known as package software refers to a software application that is specifically designed to meet the needs of particular business type e. Several approaches have been proposed for effort and size estimation, product selection, and architectural mismatches identification. The choice lies between two main software paths, custom software development a bespoke system designed specifically around the needs of your company or a commercialofftheshelf cots system. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process m.
Fifteen projects using a cots based approach were studied and their actual process was documented. Request pdf investigating and improving a cotsbased software development the work described in this paper is an investigation of cotsbased software development within a particular nasa. Cotsbased development is proposed, and emerging standards and techniques. The selection of the best suited cots components which fulfils the necessary requirement for the development of software s has become a major challenge for the software developers. Related works and related projects university of texas at. Software engineering metrics for cots based systems computer. The model put forward identifies and elaborates the essential phases and activities of software product line development from cots based repository. Investigating and improving a cots based software development process morisio, seaman, parra, basili, kraft, condon icse 2000 history 15 projects at nasagsfc guided by software engineering laboratory sel. Risks of commercial offtheshelf cots software bryan. Developing new processes for cotsbased systems lisa brownsword, tricia oberndorf, and carol a. Commercial offthe shelf cots software, agile, human centered design, user experience ux and usability. Sel developed a process for cotsbased development for fdd.
In recent years agile methodologies for software development have proved very effective in the current dynamic business environment. The main differences, and the activities for which projects require more guidance, are requirements definition and cots selection, high level design, integration. The first new rule of engagement for cots based systems is that the development of a cus tom system is essentially an act of creation, whereas the development of a cots based sys tem is ultimately an act of composition and reconciliation. Morisio et al2000 investigating and improving a cots based software development process. Related works and related projects university of texas. Ranking and selection of commercial offtheshelf using. Although previous studies have proposed specific cotsbased development processes, there are few empirical studies that investigate how to use and customize cotsbased development processes for different project contexts. Realizing that cots based development represents a significant shift in the way the fdd does business, the sel decided to update its guidelines on recommended practice and processes. We provide models of existing cotsbased development processes.
I frequently come across tender documents full of questions that scream we are expecting to use a cots product for this system even though ostensibly the process allows sometimes explicitly for the possibility of a bespoke system. Cots is defined as component off the shelf software development somewhat frequently. Nowadays there is trend of using components in development of software application. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Dec 20, 2001 cots based development impacts several issues in software development. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development process, proceedings of the 22nd international conference on software engineering icse 2000, limerick, ireland, june 2000. Workshop on modelbased requirements engineering mbre01, nov. Fifteen projects using a cotsbased approach were studied and their actual process was. With implementing the architecture that utilizes commercial off. Sledge software engineering institute although commercial offtheshelf cots products are becoming increasingly popular, little information is available on how they affect existing software development processes or what new processes are needed. How is component off the shelf software development abbreviated. Following this methodology throughout the software development life cycle will ensure that significant activities are not being ignored and will increase the chances of planning, executing, and deploying a successful cots based software solution. The selection of the best suited cots components which fulfils the necessary requirement for the development of softwares has become a major challenge for the software developers. Definition and classification of cots proceedings of the.
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